AP Physics 1 · Chapter 1 of 8

Kinematics

Describe motion in one and two dimensions using position, velocity, acceleration, graphs, and algebraic relationships.

Why this chapter matters

Clear motion models are the base for every later unit, including forces, energy, and momentum.

What you will learn

  • Interpret and connect position-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time graphs.
  • Solve constant-acceleration problems with correct signs, units, and known assumptions.
  • Model projectile motion by separating horizontal and vertical components.

Lessons in this chapter

  1. Position, displacement, and velocityDistinguish vector and scalar ideas and interpret motion direction from signs and graphs.
  2. Acceleration and motion graphsRelate slope and area on motion graphs to physical quantities.
  3. Constant-acceleration equationsChoose and apply kinematic equations from known and unknown variables.
  4. Projectile motionRepresent 2D motion with independent horizontal and vertical models.

Study task

A ball is launched horizontally from a table. Create a diagram of known quantities, write separate horizontal and vertical equations, and estimate time of flight and horizontal range for a chosen table height and launch speed.

Chapter checkpoint

A car starts from rest and accelerates at 2.0 m/s^2 for 5.0 s. What is its final velocity?

Use v = v0 + at. With v0 = 0, v = 0 + (2.0)(5.0) = 10 m/s.